The specifications of the stage 2 cyclone, to be described from here forward as the coarse fraction cyclone, were based on the design of a stairmand high. Design of a cyclone separator using approximation method. An experimental study on performance improvement of the. This work adopts the cyclone quality factor as the performance index, and the cyclone designed by stairmand is adopted as the basic configuration in the present study. The objectives are to identify the most influential operating parameters and to improve the cyclone performance from the perspective of cyclone.
Cyclone separator 1 mechanical engineering physical. Cyclone dust collectors are fairly simple from a mechanical point of view and therefore generally provide a cost effective solution. Experimental and numerical study of stairmand cyclone. Separation performance predictions of a stairmand high. The discrete adjoint approach has been used starting from stairmand cyclone. This study if followed by examining the cyclone separator by varying the inlet width and height. The new design was based on the idea of increasing cyclone.
Simulation and comparative performance analysis of. Material and method the cyclone dimensions used in. Here, doping in the ldd region is counterbalanced by the charge in the depleted deepp region, and is additionally influenced by the source fieldplate. Two main factors affect cyclone efficiency velocity particle moves towards the wall or collection area of the cyclone where it is theoretically collected length of time available for collection. Pdf design and performance evaluation of a novel double cyclone. Experiments using three different configurations of the small diameter cyclone were carried out. Processes free fulltext design of cyclone separator. The cyclone simulated was based on a high efficiency stairmand model, with ratios and dimensions given in table 1. These cyclones were developed through experimental tests with the aim was performance optimize. Design and characterization of a sequential cyclone system for the. Cyclone separation efficiency using cfx cfd online. Residence time two main metrics describe cyclone performance pressure drop fractional efficiency curve fec.
The cyclone used was designed according to highefficiency stairmand s cyclone to separate solid particles from the smokeair stream. Question 2 23 marks you are required to design stairmand hr cyclones to be operated in parallel to treat 4 ms of gas density 0. A xso cut size of at most 7 um is to be achieved at a pressure drop of 1100 pa. The new design cyclone has a double cylindrical body and a vortex limiter instead of a conical body seen in conventional cyclones. This is considerably above the experimental value of 7. An experimental study on performance improvement of the stairmand cyclone design aerosol and air quality research. Although many procedures for calculating cyclone pressure drop and collection efficiency have been developed, current design practice. Chen, journalaerosol and air quality research, year2014. The cyclone was pilotplant scale with a design air flow of 0. According to the result in this study, based on the standard stairmand cyclone, the vortex finder design as contracted and expanded internal section can achieve smaller change in the collection efficiency and. Jun 28, 2017 the computed axial and tangential velocities of the swirl flow in a cyclone compare well with the ones measured by particle image velocimetry piv.
This second edition will help mechanical and chemical engineers to achieve this optimization. Rotational effects and gravity are used to separate mixtures of solids and fluids. Power reference design for altera cyclone iii starter kit. Consult buhler groups entire cyclone separator mgxemgxg catalogue on directindustry. The new cyclone will save 66% from the driving power needed for the stairmand cyclone. Dec 01, 2015 in this study, the stairmand high efficiency cyclone, which is a cylinderoncone type model with tangential inlet, is investigated. Simulation of the performance of small cyclone separators through the use of post cyclones poc and annular overflow ducts. Gas cyclone separators are employed to separate particles from gas. The optimization of cyclone performance for any given task is a soughtafter goal but it is one that is seldom achieved in practice. Experimental results indicate that optimal cyclone design velocities, which are 16 ms 3200 ftmin for 1d3d cyclones and 15 ms 3000 ftmin for 2d2d cyclones, should be determined based on standard air density. Derksen kramers laboratorium voor fysische technologie, delft university of technology, prins bernhardlaan 6, 2628 bw delft, the netherlands largeeddy simulations les were performed on the gas flow in a stairmand high efficiency cyclone at res280,000. Design of stairmandtype sampling cyclones journal article. There are different processes for collecting the dust in a gas stream see global overview here, among them, cyclones are probably one of the most widespread solution, in any industry. A centrifugal blower of the cyclone, which was integrated with a heat exchanger, generated a f orced smokeair stream of the indirect smokehouse.
Cyclone performance and optimization technical report. Pdf cyclone performance and design alireza motavalian. Comparison of the performance of mrdeduster with other. In this study, the effect of the vortex finder diameter, inlet velocity and particle size on the flow field and the performance of a large industrial stairmand cyclone has been studied both experimentally and numerically. Engineering, fourth edition, mcgrawhill book company, singapore. Design of cyclone separator critical diameter model based. An oil mist was used as a test aerosol because it consisted of spherical drops of uniform density. This study selects the cyclone configuration designed by stairmand in 1951 as its basis and applies the cyclone quality factor to evaluate the cyclone performance. Cyclone design excel calculation tool a simplified version of the calculation tool can be found here a more complete tool will be developped soon. Cfd simulations for the stairmand design and the new design for minimum euler numbers are performed using the reynolds stress turbulence model. Index terms air pollution, cyclone, pm particulate. Design and analysis of cyclone dust separator american journal of. This book allows the designer to avoid numerous pitfalls in cyclone design.
It was considered to be the most optimized cyclone of its time, and still forms the basis of design for most new cyclone models. Collection efficiency and pressure drop were measured over a range of air flows at ambient tempera ture and pressure. This paper presents the design and performance characteristics of a cyclone separator used in. A cfd comparison between the original design and the new design has been performed. The book aims to be a source of reference to those who are in industries employing the use and application of the hydrocyclone. Hydrodynamic simulation of cyclone separators nova. Numerical investigations of unsteady flows and particle. Eu 46 and stkso 6 x 103 a determine the diameter and number of cyclones required. The present paper aims at designing of high efficiency cyclone by using stairmand method for a tiny cement plant. Four cyclones with body diameters of 38, 57, 89, and 140 mm were constructed and tested with monodisperse. Design and performance evaluation of a novel double cyclone. The equations for the design of a high efficiency stairmand cyclone can be written according to the methodology proposed by massarani 1991.
Hydrodynamic simulation of cyclone separators 243 fig. Stairmand 1949 can be used to estimate the pressure drop. The effect of the cyclone length on the performance of stairmand highefficiency cyclone. Processes free fulltext cfd modeling of gassolid cyclone. Jan 29, 2019 two objectives of cyclone optimization, improving the collection efficiency and reducing the pressure drop, are seemingly contradictory. The performance curve for these design, obtained experimentally under standard test conditions, are shown in figure. Standard geometrical design of industrial cyclone separator. In order to design the important parameters of the cyclone separator based on. Simulation and comparative performance analysis of modified. Aug 03, 2016 experimental study of cyclone separators as combustor 26 stairmand design stairmand cyclone was designed in 1951. The precession frequency of the vortex rope computed for stairmand cyclone also matches with the one measured by darksen et al. It is important to consider the air density effect on cyclone performance in the design of cyclone abatement systems. Typical design of cyclone separator source stairmand 1951 stairmand 1951 lapple.
Further, the predictive performances were compared between the traditional surrogate model and the developed neural network model. According to the result in this study, based on the standard stairmand cyclone, the vortex finder design as. So, the computational domain was generated in software design modeler, available on ansys 14. The simulations confirm the superior performance of the new design. Design of a novel gas cyclone vortex finder using the adjoint. The performance curve for these design, obtained experimentally under standard test conditions, are shown in figure 4a and db. Standard cyclone design by stairmand method stairmand developed two standard design for gassolid cyclones 1 high efficiency cyclone 1, figure 3aand 2 high gas rate cyclone, figure 3b11. Stairmand developed two standard design for gassolid cyclones 1 high efficiency cyclone and 2 high gas rate cyclone. Jan 01, 2010 the key for stairmand high efficiency cyclone design lies on the optimal geometrical ratio of cone length to diameter ld4. Finally, an outlook on the prospects of cfd simulation of cyclone separators is provided. Design of a novel gas cyclone vortex finder using the.
Cyclones and other gassolids separators springerlink. Analysis and optimisation of cyclone separators geometry using. With the cyclone body diameter d fixed, we vary the cyclone length h, inlet height a and width b, cyclone length without the cone hb, cone height hc, cone bottom diameter b, and vortex finder length s. A good understanding of the fluid dynamics in a cyclone is required in order to make further design improvements.
A pareto optimal solutions have been obtained and a new correlation between the euler and stokes numbers are tted. Effects of vortex finder shapes on the performance of cyclone. Starting from a stairmand design an improved cyclone geometry is found. However, according to dirgo and leith 1985, there is. Geometry and dimensions of stairmand cyclone design.
The complex geometry of this cyclone was subdivided in 33 simple bodies, such as cones and. Pdf design of high efficiency cyclone for tiny cement. Therefore, cyclone quality must be compared only under identical air flow and particle size. The stairmand cyclone and its optimized counterpart might also be compared. Results demonstrate that while the air flow is fixed at 15 lmin, the newly improved cyclone could perform 12 times better than the stairmand cyclone, according to the cyclone quality factor. It is one of the standard cyclones, and is commonly used, this design and the listed below designs have the same problem of high pressure loss and low collection efficiency. Usually the methodology to determine the equations and design parameters for cyclones is semiempirical and well known for some configurations. The collection efficiency in this study is predicted by performing the cfd computational fluid dynamics analysis.
Cyclone geometry used in this simulation stairmand s optimized design geometry ad b d d xd. According to the result in this study, based on the standard stairmand cyclone, the vortex finder design as contracted and expanded internal. Performance analysis and design of small diameter cyclones. Sep 26, 2007 these are cyclones used as gassolid separators for dedusting and as gasliquid separators for demisting. First phase is dedicated to study the stairmand s optimized design to appreciate the pressure and speed fluctuations. Dec 20, 2017 the most important performance of the cyclone separator is the collection efficiency. Department of energys office of scientific and technical information. This curve can be transformed to other cyclone sizes and operating conditions by use of the following. Used alone or in conjunction with another dust collector, the cyclone separates coarse contaminants from fine, nonvisible particles, and exhausts clean air. Standard cyclone dimension as per stairmand a high efficiency b high gas rate cyclone.
Pdf a novel cyclone design, named double cyclone, adds an extra cylinder. Equations 2 and 3 are the tangential entry dimensions of a cyclone introduced by stairmand 1951. Cyclone separator mgxemgxg buhler group pdf catalogs. The efficiency achieved with this design is of the order of 91. This book is an excellent guide to the design and construction of industrial cyclones. Analysis and optimisation of cyclone separators geometry. The neural network network model was developed for predicting the separation performance parameter. There are various cyclone models in the literature, but the most famous are the stairmand 1951 and the lapple 1951 ones. Experimental study of cyclone seperators as combustor 1. Hydrodynamic simulation of cyclone separators intechopen. Cyclonic separation is a method of removing particulates from an air, gas or liquid stream, without the use of filters, through vortex separation. Design of high efficiency cyclone for tiny cement industry ijesd. To design the cyclone the diameter d is considered as 20 mm. The method can also be used to separate fine droplets of.
Furthermore, cyclone design modification is an option t. The gas flow characteristics of a guidevaneinlet cyclone with a novel vortex finder were conducted. Pdf an experimental study on performance improvement of the. The effect of particle size and input velocity on cyclone separation process 119 stairmand 1951, barth 1956, lapple 1951 and leith and licht 1972. The cutoff diameter for the new shape is 16 of the stairmand cyclone. The first configuration 1 was the high efficiency stairmand cyclone with d e d c 0. Note that this tool cannot be used for detail design as stated in the file, always link with a commercial company to confirm the design. In this paper, the characteristics of the cyclone separator was analyzed from the lagrangian perspective for designing the important dependent variables. This research defines six shape design variables to maximize the collection efficiency. The complex geometry of this cyclone was subdivided in. However, in most cases, the improvement in efficiency is marginal and in some cases it is associated with complex structure and additional operating costs gregg, 1995.
When removing particulate matter from liquid, a hydrocyclone is used. Draw the sketch according to the stairmand s ratios. Highefficiency cyclone separator the dusthog c series cyclone is designed to effectively remove large to moderatesize particles chips, metal grindings, sawdust from the air stream. The charge balance approach allows the carrier concentration in the ldd region to. Another type of larger cyclonic separator shown in figure 5. Multiobjective optimization of a stairmand cyclone.
A new framework using the adjoint solver is proposed for mesh independence study. Pdf design of high efficiency cyclone for tiny cement industry. Cyclone is considered to be cheaper having low maintenance cost. I have used it successfully in the design of several cyclone systems.
Effects of vortex finder shapes on the performance of. Experimental results indicate that optimal cyclone design velocities, which are 16. The flow field pattern and gas cyclone performance have been investigated using. A device that separates particulate from gas fluid by centrifugal force works simply by the kinetic energy of the incoming mixture flow stream and the geometry of the cyclone. Figure 4 from an experimental study on performance. Starting from a stairmand design an improved cyclone geometry is found using seven geometrical design variables. A novel cyclone design, named double cyclone, adds an extra cylinder wall. The stairmand cyclone and its optimized counterpart might also be compared at the same theoretical pressure drop of 9.
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